You must have read about the Indian Constitution, but do you know about the Preamble of Indian Constitution ? If you want to know about it, then you have to read this post in full, in which we have provided complete information about the preface of the Constitution, which will definitely be used in all the examinations.
If you are preparing for UPSC, SSC CGL, CHSL, CPO SI, GD or any other exam, then you are also very important to remember the preamble after reading it well, because there have been questions many times in many exams behind here.
Preamble of Indian Constitution
● Like the US Constitution, Indian constitution makers have included a preamble at the beginning of the constitution, whose language style is influenced by the Australian constitution.
● The Preamble is the philosophy of the Constitution, in which the objectives and purposes of the Constitution have been clarified.
● The Preamble is an expression of the thoughts, dreams and ideals of the framers of the Constitution.
● The Preamble of the Indian Constitution is based on the ‘Objectives Resolution’ drafted by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru and introduced in the Constituent Assembly on December 13, 1946, which was accepted by the Constituent Assembly on January 22, 1947.
● On 26 November 1949, the Preamble was included in the Constitution.
● The Preamble has been amended only once so far.
● In the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976, the words Socialist, Secular and Integrity were included in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution.
● According to Thakur Das Bhargava, ‘Preamble is the most important part of the Constitution. He is the soul of the law. He is the key to the legislation.’
● NA Palkiwala has called the Preamble the ‘Introduction to the Constitution’.
● KM Munshi has called the Preamble the ‘Political Horoscope of the Constitution’.
● According to Sir Ernest Barker, ‘The Preamble is the key note of the Constitution.’
● Justice Hidayatullah called the Preamble the ‘basic spirit of the Constitution’.
● There are four basic elements in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution–
1. Source of authority of the Constitution
2. Nature of India
3. Objectives of the Constitution
4. Constitution coming into force
Preamble
● “WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens:
● JUSTICE, social, economic and political; LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship;
● EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; and to promote among them all FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation;
● IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty–sixth day of November, 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION
● Preamble is called the introduction or role of the constitution. The preamble of the Indian constitution is based on the ‘objective resolution’ introduced by Pandit Nehru.
● By the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976, words like socialist, secular and integrity were included in it.
Meaning of key words mentioned in the preamble
WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA
● This means that India is a democratic country and the people of India are the supreme sovereign, so the rights which have been given to the Indian people are the basis of the Constitution, that is, in other words, the Indian Constitution is dedicated to the Indian people.
SOVEREIGN
● This word means that India is neither dependent on any other country nor is it a Dominion of any other country. It has no other foreign power over it and is free to settle its internal and external affairs.
Socialist
● The term socialist means such a structure in which there is equal harmony in distribution with public ownership or control over the main means of production, capital, land, property, etc.
Secular State
● The word ‘secular state’ was not explicitly mentioned in the constitution, however there is no doubt that the framers of the constitution wanted to establish such a state. Therefore Articles 25 to 28 (right to religious freedom) were added to the constitution. All the concepts of secularism are present in the Indian Constitution, that is, all religions are equal in our country and they have equal support from the government.
Democratic
● The word democratic has been used extensively in the preamble of the constitution, which includes not only political democracy but also social and economic democracy. Adult suffrage, periodic elections, supremacy of law, independence of judiciary, absence of discrimination are the forms of democratic features of Indian polity.
Republic
● The use of the word ‘Republic’ in the Preamble highlights the subject that democratic republic has been adopted under the Indian Constitution out of two types of democratic systems ‘hereditary democracy’ and ‘democratic republic’.
● In a republic, the head of state is always elected directly or indirectly for a fixed period of time.
The meaning of republic includes two more things.
● The first is that political sovereignty is in the hands of the people rather than in the hands of a single person such as the king.
● Secondly, the absence of any privileged class. Therefore every public office shall be open to every citizen without any discrimination.
Independence
● Freedom here refers to civil liberties. The right to liberty can be exercised only within the limits written in the constitution. It provides opportunities for the development of the individual.
Justice
● Justice is mentioned in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution, which can be seen in three different forms–
1. Social Justice
2. Political Justice
3. Economic Justice
● Social justice means that there should be no discrimination between human beings on the basis of caste, creed and every citizen should have access to proper opportunities for progress.
● Economic justice means that there is equitable distribution of the means of production and distribution and the wealth should not be centralized in only a few hands.
● Political justice means that all citizens under the state should have equal civil and political rights, whether it is the matter of entry into political offices or the right to express their views to the government.
Equality
● The Preamble of the Indian Constitution provides for status and opportunity to every citizen, which means the absence of privileges for any section of the society and the provision of equal opportunities for every person without any discrimination.
Fraternity
● Its literal meaning of fraternity is a sense of brotherhood and according to the preamble, two things have to be ensured in fraternity.
First the respect of the individual and second the unity and integrity of the country. Fundamental duty has also been said to encourage the spirit of brotherhood.
Judicial View on the Preamble
● In the Beruwadi Union case of 1960, the Supreme Court held that the Preamble is not a part of the Constitution, but it is the key to knowing the views of the framers of the Constitution.
● In the Kesavananda Bharati case of 1973, the Supreme Court held that the Preamble is a part of the Constitution. This is a very important part of the constitution and the constitution should be studied keeping in mind the great ideas mentioned in the preamble of the constitution.
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