Input Devices of Computer : If you are preparing for SSC CGL exam, then you will know that there is also a computer subject in your syllabus and questions will be asked from here in the exam, so in this post, we are providing complete information about an important topic input device of computer today, after reading, after reading this, this topic will be well cleared.
– Input devices provide the facility of communication between the computer and the user. Input Device Inputs the given data, instruction and programs to the computer. These devices convert character, numeric and other symbols into 0 and 1 bit, which the computer can understand and do data processing. Through this device, Text, Image and Audio etc. are sent to the computer. Input devices are directly under the control of the computer.
Input Devices of Computer
(1) Key Board
(2) Mouse
(3) Track Ball
(4) Joystick
(5) Scanner
(6) Optical Mark Reader (OMR)
(7) Bar-Code Reader (BCR)
(8) Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
(9) Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR)
(10) Digitizer
(11) Voice Recognition System
(12) Web Camera
(13) Light pen
(14) Biometric Device
(15) Quick Response Code (QRC)
Keyboard
– It is the main primary and accessible Input Device by which data and programs are inputted into the computer. Through this, the user gives commands to the computer and its effect is immediately on the screen. Key Board is a device with Keys similar to a Type Writer but the number of Keys in it is more than Type Writer. One of the main things in the Key Board button is that it repeats itself when a button is pressed for some time, this action is called Typematic. A standard keyboard has a total of 104 keys. The QWERTY keyboard is used in the keyboard.
– Currently a keyboard with 108 keys is also available.
– The keyboard was invented by Christopher Latham Sholes in the year 1868.
Keyboard types
1. Standard Keyboard
2. Multimedia Keyboard
3. Wireless Keyboard
All the keys of the keyboard are divided into groups.
(1) Alphabet Keys (A-Z)
(2) Numerical (0-9)
(3) Functional (F1-F12)
(4) Arrow Keys (->, <-)
(5) Symbol Keys
(6) Control Keys
(7) Special Keys
Toggle key- The toggle key is used to toggle functions on or off via the keyboard. It is also called lock key. Like- NumLock key, Caps Lock Key, Scroll lock key
Modifier Key / Combination key- This key is used to give shortcut command through keyboard. Like- Alt key, Shift key, Ctrl Key
Functions Key, A total of 12 function keys are used in the keyboard.
F1 – Help
F2 – Rename
F3 – Search
F4 – Close
F5 – For Refresh
F6 – For Address bar in web browser
F7 – For Spelling & Grammar
F8 – Safe mode start
F9 – Refreshes a document in MS Word send and receive mail in MS Outlook
F11– To view window explorer on full screen
F12 – For Save As
Note- The usage of these keys may be different
in different software.
Mouse
– It is an Input Device, mouse is a type of pointing device. The mouse was invented by Douglas Engelbart in the year 1964. When the mouse is moved on a flat surface, the ball or light attached to it rotates, which sensitizes the small rollers in the mouse. By converting this sensation into a digital value, it expresses in which direction the mouse is moving. The mouse has two or more buttons, by pressing which the components of the screen are selected with the help of Pointer on the screen. The act of pressing the mouse button with the finger is called Click. The mouse is connected to the CPU of the computer with the help of a cable or wirelessly.
Nowadays optical mouse is used instead of ball mouse.
There is also a Scroll Button on the mouse which is used to move the pages up and down.
Types of mouse
1. Mechanical Mouse – In this, a rubber ball is used to control the pointer
2.Optical Mouse – Laser rays are used in this type of mouse.
3.Wireless Mouse- Light and wireless medium are used in this type of mouse.
Track Ball
– Track Ball also does the same thing that Mouse does. This is also a type of pointing device. The difference is that the mouse has to be moved by hand, while the track ball is operated by rotating it with the finger or thumb. In track ball, the ball appears upwards. It is mostly used in Laptop Computer. The more and in which direction the ball is rotated, the Pointer will move in same direction. It is used in CAD/CAM computerized workstations.
– A trackball is used to enter motion data into a computer or other electronic device.
Joy Stick
– Joy Sticks are Input Device used for playing Games. This is also a type of pointing device. Through the Joy Stick, the figure present on the screen can be run by holding its handle. It works like a mouse, but the difference is that once the mouse is moved in any direction, the Cursor stops there, but once moved in the Joy Stick, the object moves in the same direction until it is moved again. Do not bring back to the previous situation. The joystick allows rotation in all directions. Nowadays, joysticks are also used as buttons.
– It can be rotated in 360 degrees.
– It is used to control the robot.
Scanner
– It is an Input Device through which Graphics are inserted directly into the computer. Scanner works to convert hard copy into soft copy. For this, the text/graphics to be scanned is placed on the flat surface of the scanner. By changing the lens and light source on the scanner, the picture is converted into binary code and sent to the computer’s memory and it can be seen on the screen of the monitor. Changes can be made in the scanned photo as required. The data scanned by the scanner is stored in digital form on the computer. Scanned files can be saved in JPEG and PDF.
– The data scanned by the scanner is displayed as an image on the computer screen. The scanner uses fluorescent bulbs for scanning.
– Scanners are of the following types-
(1) Hand Scanner- Holding it by hand, it is passed over the picture. It is operated by closing the cover. It scans the information written in the entire page simultaneously.
(2) Desktop Scanner/Flat bed scanner- In this scanner, the photo is operated by keeping its cover closed. It scans the information written in the entire page simultaneously.
(3) Drum Scanner- This scanner has a rotating drum through which the scanning is done.
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Optical Mark Reader (OMR)
– It is an input device that detects the presence of a pen or pencil mark on a paper by shining light on the marked paper and checking the reflected light. The intensity of the reflected light will be less in the area where the mark will be. It is used in checking the answer sheet of an examination.
– Bar-Code Reader (BCR) :- A group of printed lines can be read by BCR as a data. Universal Product Code is the most commonly used BCR Code. Which happens on the packing of almost all retail items. BCR is actually a scanner that reads UPC with the help of laser beam. UPC consists of several vertical lines in a range. Whose width varies. These lines are read in 10 digits. Of these, the manufacturer and distributor are known from the first 5 and the product is known from the last 5.
Optical Character Recognition/Readers (OCR)
OCR is used to input written or printed characters in digital form on a computer.
Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR)
– The data to be inputted by this device is written on a paper. There is a special font for writing letters. Each letter of this font is made in lines, in which a special type of Magnetic Ink is used, in which a magnetic substance called Iron Oxide is mixed. This is mostly bank’s check and draft no. is used for reading. That check is passed under the reading head of MICR. It reads Check and DD with full accuracy and its input speed is fast. Due to which the processing speed is faster. Font should match in this and the character should be written with Magnetic Ink only.
Digitizer
– It is an Input Device. Graphic tablets have a drawing surface. A pen is attached to it, which is called Stylus. There is a net of thin wires in the drawing surface (grid) on which the signals go to the computer by running the pen and the image is formed on the screen.
Voice Recognition System
– Voice Input is the newest example of technology in computers. In this technique, we can directly input the data in the computer by speaking without typing, due to which the problems in data input can be removed. This technique provides input to the computer user. There are also some problems with this technique, such as a problem that arises when data is input by speaking. At this point the system checks who is speaking and what the message is. The system will recognize the voice of the person who always uses it. There are many other techniques in voice recognition through which voice signals can be converted into appropriate words. Its other name is also Speech Recognition System. Speech Synchronus system is used in this.
– Most of the voice recognition systems are speaker dependent. In this system, if the speaker pronounces a word like ‘train’ repeatedly, then this system will recognize only the sound of that word which was used for the first time, but nowadays it does not depend on the speaker, it recognizes all the words. Even if said by any user, but it does not accept continuous inputting of data.
Web Camera
– Web cameras are used exclusively with computers. Users use it especially during on-line chatting. Web cameras focus on an object and take its picture and can see and interact with the on-line person (if he also has a web camera) on the other side of the computer screen.
Light Pen
-It is a device that looks like a normal pen, in which it is written on the screen through Light. It is a pointing device, which is also used to make drawings. It is also called Electro Optical Device.
Biometric Device
– It is a type of input device, through which data is sent to the computer through the human body parts. For example – machine for recording attendance through fingers.
Quick Response Code Scanner
– It is a mixed form of hardware and software by which it scans the image made up of many dots and lines in a square frame and displays the data present in it on the screen. Four bits are used to store information in it.
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